Android实践 -- Android Wi-Fi 直连
fasdfsadf
7年前
<h3><strong>Android Wi-Fi 直连</strong></h3> <p>Wi-Fi直连是Android 4.0(API level 14)或更高的版本的才加入的新功能，使用Wi-Fi直连相关的</p> <p>API可以发现并连接支持Wi-Fi直连的设备，连接之后设备之间可以通信，传输的距离比蓝牙的传输距离</p> <p>要远很多</p> <p><strong>API 概述</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>Wi-Fi直连的方法</p> <p>类 WifiP2pManager 提供了一些方法来使用Wi-Fi直连的相关的接口来发现连接设备</p> </li> </ul> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>方法</th> <th>描述</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>initialize()</td> <td>在Wi-Fi框架中注册，必须在其他方法之前调用</td> </tr> <tr> <td>connect()</td> <td>和另外的直连设备连接</td> </tr> <tr> <td>cancelConnect()</td> <td>取消正在连接的动作</td> </tr> <tr> <td>requestConnectInfo()</td> <td>请求已经连接的信息</td> </tr> <tr> <td>createGroup()</td> <td>创建直连的设备组</td> </tr> <tr> <td>removeGroup()</td> <td>删除当前的设置组</td> </tr> <tr> <td>requestGroupInfo()</td> <td>请求当前组的信息</td> </tr> <tr> <td>discoverPeers()</td> <td>初始化搜索</td> </tr> <tr> <td>requestPeers()</td> <td>请求已经发现的设备的列表</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li> <p>Wi-Fi直连的监听</p> <p>类 WifiP2pManager 中也提供了很多的监听接口，计时的通知当前的 activity 相关的搜索和连接的</p> <p>结果</p> </li> </ul> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>接口</th> <th>相关的操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>WifiP2pManager.ActionListener</td> <td>相关的操作：connect(), cancelConnect(), createGroup(), removeGroup(), and discoverPeers()</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WifiP2pManager.ChannelListener</td> <td>相关的操作：initialize()</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WifiP2pManager.ConnectionInfoListener</td> <td>相关的操作：requestConnectInfo()</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WifiP2pManager.GroupInfoListener</td> <td>相关的操作：requestGroupInfo()</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WifiP2pManager.PeerListListener</td> <td>相关的操作：requestPeers()</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li>Wi-Fi直连的 Intent</li> </ul> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Intent</th> <th>描述</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION</td> <td>当设备的Wi-Fi的连接状态发生变化时触发</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION</td> <td>在调用 discoverPeers() 时触发，可以调用 requestPeers() 方法更新设备列表</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION</td> <td>Wi-Fi直连的状态发生变化时触发</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION</td> <td>Wi-Fi直连的设备的详细信息发生变化时触发</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>创建Wi-Fi直连的应用</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>初始化设置</p> <p>首先要保证设置支持Wi-Fi直连相关的协议，如果支持，我们就可以获得 WifiP2pManager 的实例，创建并注册相关的广播，使用相关的</p> <p>api</p> <p>在 AndroidManifest 中必须声明相关的权限,Wi-Fi直连是在api level 14及更高的版本才能使用，还要声明 android:minSdkVersion="14"</p> <pre> <code class="language-java"><uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" /></code></pre> </li> <li> <p>初始化 WifiP2pManager 的实例，并注册相关的广播，监听Wi-Fi直连的状态</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">private WifiP2pManager mManager; private Channel mChannel; private IntentFilter directFilter; private WiFiDirectReceiver directReceiver ; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mManager = (WifiP2pManager)this.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_P2P_SERVICE); mChannel = mManager.initialize(this, this.getMainLooper(), null); directReceiver = new WiFiDirectReceiver(mManager, mChannel, this); directFilter = new IntentFilter(); directFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION); directFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION); directFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION); directFilter.addAction(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION); } //注册广播监听 @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); this.registerReceiver(directReceiver, directFilter); } //取消注册 @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); this.unregisterReceiver(directReceiver); }</code></pre> </li> </ul> <p>广播接受</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">public class WiFiDirectReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ private WifiP2pManager mManager; private Channel mChannel; private MainActivity mActivity; private PeerListListener mListener; private WifiP2pConfig mConfig = new WifiP2pConfig(); public WiFiDirectReceiver(){} public WiFiDirectReceiver(WifiP2pManager manager,Channel channel,MainActivity activity){ this.mManager = manager; this.mChannel = channel; this.mActivity = activity; } @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); Log.e("tag", "===============wifi direct action: "+action); if(action.equals(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION)){ int state = intent.getIntExtra(WifiP2pManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, -1); if(state == WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_ENABLED){ //打开 }else if(state == WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_DISABLED){ //关闭 } }else if(action.equals(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION)){ }else if(action.equals(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_CONNECTION_CHANGED_ACTION)){ }else if(action.equals(WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_THIS_DEVICE_CHANGED_ACTION)){ } } }</code></pre> <ul> <li> <p>发现设备</p> 在调用之后 initialize() 方法之后，会触发 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION 的广播，在 BroadcastReceiver <p>中，如果 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_STATE_ENABLED 的状态已经打开，在 BroadcastReceiver 调用 discoverPeers 方法,如果发现设备</p> <p>会回调 onSuccess 方法</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">mManager.discoverPeers(mChannel, new WifiP2pManager.ActionListener() { @Override public void onSuccess() { Log.e("tag", "===================discovery success"); } @Override public void onFailure(int reason) { Log.e("tag", "===================discovery failed"); } });</code></pre> <p>如果发现设备，系统会触发 WifiP2pManager.WIFI_P2P_PEERS_CHANGED_ACTION 这个广播，在这个广播中可以调用 requestPeers 方法可以列出所有的</p> <p>设备</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">if(null != mManager){ mManager.requestPeers(mChannel, new WifiP2pManager.PeerListListener() { @Override public void onPeersAvailable(WifiP2pDeviceList peers) { Log.e("tag", "==================peers list size: "+peers.getDeviceList().size()); for(WifiP2pDevice device: peers.getDeviceList()){ Log.e("tag", "==================device addr: "+device.deviceName+" name: "+device.deviceName); } } }); }</code></pre> </li> <li> <p>连接设备</p> <p>对于已经发现的设备我们可以调用 connect() 方法连接，需要初始化 WifiP2pConfig ,并设置config的 deviceAddress</p> <pre> <code class="language-java">private WifiP2pConfig mConfig = new WifiP2pConfig(); mConfig.deviceAddress = device.deviceAddress; mManager.connect(mChannel, mConfig, new WifiP2pManager.ActionListener() { @Override public void onSuccess() { Log.e("tag", "==============connnect success"); } @Override public void onFailure(int reason) { Log.e("tag", "=================connect failed"); } });</code></pre> <p>连接成功会回调 onSuccess 方法</p> <p>传输数据待续。。。</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>来自：http://www.jianshu.com/p/fea4f00fb116</p> <p> </p>