Android应用性能测试

jopen 9年前

      对于Web网页来说,页面的访问、加载速度对于用户体验来说是很重要的,而如果把Android中的每个Activity都看成是一个页面的话,Activity的启动速度凭主观的话是较难精确衡量的,因此如果可以测试每个Activity的启动速度或者获得其它基本指标并进行日常监测那就更好了。

一、编写继承于Instrumentation类的LaunchPerformanceBase类

    /**       * Base class for all launch performance Instrumentation classes.       */        public class LaunchPerformanceBase extends Instrumentation {            public static final String TAG = "LaunchPerformanceBase";            protected Bundle mResults;            protected Intent mIntent;                        /**           * Constructor.           */            public LaunchPerformanceBase() {                mResults = new Bundle();                mIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);                mIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);                setAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots();            }            /**           * Launches intent {@link #mIntent}, and waits for idle before           * returning.           */            protected void LaunchApp() {                startActivitySync(mIntent);                waitForIdleSync();            }                        @Override            public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {                super.finish(resultCode, results);            }        }  


在这个类的构造函数中setAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots()为Instrumentation设置为开启性能快照功能。

LaunchApp()方法中用于启动相应的Activity, waitForIdleSync()方法则为等待Activity空闲时,即等待Activity启动完毕。

二、编写ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest类


    public class ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest extends LaunchPerformanceBase {             /**               * Outfile argument name.               * This argument can be passed to the instrumentation using               <code>-e</code>.            */            private static final String launchActivityName = "launch_activity";            /**            * Output file name.            */            private String classNameForIntent;              private String DEFAULT_ACTIVITY = "SplashActivity";                        /**           * Constructor.           */            public ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest() {                super();            }                        @Override            public void onCreate(Bundle arguments) {                if ( arguments != null ) {                    classNameForIntent = arguments.getString(launchActivityName);                    }                if ( classNameForIntent == null ) {                    classNameForIntent = DEFAULT_ACTIVITY ;                    }                super.onCreate(arguments);                mIntent.setClassName("com.company.example",                "com.company.example.ui.activity." + classNameForIntent);                start();            }                        /**           * Calls LaunchApp and finish.           */            @Override            public void onStart() {                super.onStart();                LaunchApp();                finish(Activity.RESULT_OK, mResults);            }        }  


</div> </div> 这个类中onCreate()方法中传入要测试的Activity的名字。

当开始测试时,Instrumentation启动,onStart方法执行时,运行LaunchApp()方法启动被测试的Activity.运行完成后finish。

Instrumentation退出,测试结束。

三、修改AndroidManifest.xml文件

在Manifest文件中增加Instrumentation申明


    <instrumentation                android:label="Activity Launch Performance"                android:name="com.company.example.test.performance.ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest"                android:targetPackage="com.company.example" />  


四、运行Activity启动性能的测试用例


adb shell am instrument -e launch_activity HomeActivity -w com.company.example.test/.performance.ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest  


-e launch_activity参数后指定要测试的Activity名.

测试结果大致如下:


    INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: other_pss=7437        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_allocated=4839        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: global_freed_size=2583696        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_private_dirty=1684        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_free=81        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: global_alloc_count=51608        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: other_private_dirty=5468        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: global_freed_count=18818        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: sent_transactions=-1        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_free=2784        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: received_transactions=-1        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: pre_sent_transactions=-1        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: other_shared_dirty=7300        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: pre_received_transactions=-1        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: execution_time=749        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_size=4772        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_shared_dirty=620        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: cpu_time=678        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_private_dirty=320        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_allocated=4690        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: gc_invocation_count=5        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_shared_dirty=1972        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: global_alloc_size=3883815        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_pss=2618        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: java_size=7623        INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: native_pss=1699        INSTRUMENTATION_CODE: -1  

其中意义较大的结果有如cpu_time,execution_time分别代表Activity启动过程中进程占用的cpu时间与实际执行时间,单位毫秒。

其它参数有兴趣的话可参照Instrumentation源码。

五、对测试结果进行文本处理

1.进行格式化处理


adb  shell am instrument -e launch_activity HomeActivity -w com.company.example.test/.performance.ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest | sed 's/=/:/' | sed 's/ //' | sed 's/\r//'  

对测试结果进行=替换为:去除空格等格式化处理

2.编写gawk脚本,名字为txt_to_xml.gawk


    #!/bin/bash        BEGIN{        print "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>"        print "<testsuite>"        FS=":"        }                $2 ~ /execution_time|cpu_time/{        print "<testcase name=\"" $2 "\" time=\"" $NF*0.001        print "\" />"        }        END{        print "</testsuite>"        }  
</div> </div> 这里只提取需要的cpu_time,execution_time两个字段的值,并将结果最终生成单元测试格式的xml文件

最终执行测试用例的命令如下:


 
adb shell am instrument -e launch_activity HomeActivity -w com.company.example.test/.performance.ActivityLaunchPerformanceTest | sed 's/=/:/' | sed 's/ //' | sed 's/\r//' | gawk -f txt_to_xml.gawk > TEST-HomeActivity.xml  

得到的xml结果如下:


    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>        <testsuite>        <testcase name="execution_time" time="0.939        " />        <testcase name="cpu_time" time="0.85        " />        </testsuite>  
</div> </div>
六、Jenkins结果展示
测试用例可以使用命令行方式执行,因此也就可以使用Jenkins完成自动化测试,且对于生成的单元测试格式的xml报告,可以使用Jenkins的Performance Plugin插件进行图表化展示:
 

来自:http://blog.csdn.net/hunterno4/article/details/23126453