I am very familiar with C# but starting to work more in Java. I expected to learn that enums in Java were basically equivalent to those in C# but apparently this is not the case. Initially I was excited to learn that Java enums could contain multiple pieces of data which seems very advantageous (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/enum.html). However, since then I have found a lot of features missing that are trivial in C#, such as the ability to easily assign an enum element a certain value, and consequently the ability to convert an integer to an enum without a decent amount of effort (i.e. Convert integer value to matching Java Enum).
So my question is this: is there any benefit to Java enums over a class with a bunch of public static final fields? Or does it just provide more compact syntax?
EDIT: Let me be more clear. What is the benefit of Java enums over a class with a bunch of public static final fields of the same type? For example, in the planets example at the first link, what is the advantage of an enum over a class with these public constants:
public static final Planet MERCURY = new Planet(3.303e+23, 2.4397e6);
public static final Planet VENUS = new Planet(4.869e+24, 6.0518e6);
public static final Planet EARTH = new Planet(5.976e+24, 6.37814e6);
public static final Planet MARS = new Planet(6.421e+23, 3.3972e6);
public static final Planet JUPITER = new Planet(1.9e+27, 7.1492e7);
public static final Planet SATURN = new Planet(5.688e+26, 6.0268e7);
public static final Planet URANUS = new Planet(8.686e+25, 2.5559e7);
public static final Planet NEPTUNE = new Planet(1.024e+26, 2.4746e7);
As far as I can tell, casablanca's answer is the only one that satisfies this.
public static final
fields, which may be typed values and not necessarilyint
s.S
, so now we're talking about probably passing them into functions, etc. Do we need type-saftey? Well, no, but then most people consider c-style types of "everything's avoid*
" good style and it can stop bugs (especially if passing more than one enum/string parameter!). Also it puts the constants into their own namespace, etc. Contrary to that, there's no real advantage to just have plain variables.int
s, there is no type safety because one could pass any value. Typed objects, on the other hand, are no different from enums in terms of type safety.