携程DynamicAPK插件化框架源码分析

Author：莫川

插件核心思想

1.aapt的改造

分别对不同的插件项目分配不同的packageId，然后对各个插件的资源进行编译，生成R文件，然后与宿主项目的R文件进行id的合并。
要求：由于最终会将所有的资源文件id进行合并，因此，所有的资源名称均不能相同。

2.运行ClassLoader加载各Bundle

和MultiDex的思路是一样的，所有的插件都被加载到同一个ClassLoader当中，因此，不同插件中的Class必须保持包名和类名的唯一。否则，加载过的类不会再次被加载。
优缺点：各个Bundle之间完全可以相互调用，但是这也造成了各个Bundle之间ClassLoader的非隔离性。并且随着数组的加长，每次findClass的时间会变长，对性能照成一定长度的影响。
让我们在熟悉一下这张图：

在DynamicAPK框架中，每个Bundle被加载到ClassLoader的调用栈如下：
Bundle的Application：BundleBaseApplication
->BundleBaseApplication(onCreate)
->BundleCore(run)
->BundleImpl(optDexFile)
->BundleArchiveRevision(optDexFile)
->BundlePathLoader(installBundleDexs)
->…

如下图所示：

3.热修复

由于所有的插件都被加载到同一个ClassLoader当中，因为，热修复的方案都是从dexElements数组的顺序入手，修改expandFieldArray方法的实现，将修复的类放到dexElements的前方。核心代码如下（详见BundlePathLoader）：

 private static void expandFieldArray(Object instance, String fieldName,                                           Object[] extraElements,boolean isHotFix) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalArgumentException,              IllegalAccessException {          synchronized (BundlePathLoader.class) {              Field jlrField = findField(instance, fieldName);              Object[] original = (Object[]) jlrField.get(instance);              Object[] combined = (Object[]) Array.newInstance(                      original.getClass().getComponentType(), original.length + extraElements.length);              if(isHotFix) {                  System.arraycopy(extraElements, 0, combined, 0, extraElements.length);                  System.arraycopy(original, 0, combined, extraElements.length, original.length);              }else {                  System.arraycopy(original, 0, combined, 0, original.length);                  System.arraycopy(extraElements, 0, combined, original.length, extraElements.length);              }              jlrField.set(instance, combined);          }      }

调用的关键代码如下(HotPatchItem.class)：

   public void optDexFile() throws Exception{          List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();          files.add(this.hotFixFile);          BundlePathLoader.installBundleDexs(RuntimeArgs.androidApplication.getClassLoader(), storageDir, files, false);      }        public void optHotFixDexFile() throws Exception{          List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();          files.add(this.hotFixFile);          BundlePathLoader.installBundleDexs(RuntimeArgs.androidApplication.getClassLoader(), storageDir, files, true);      }

4.运行时资源的加载

所有插件的资源都加载到DelegateResources中，关键代码如下：
DelegateResources.class

...  public static void newDelegateResources(Application application, Resources resources) throws Exception {          List<Bundle> bundles = Framework.getBundles();          if (bundles != null && !bundles.isEmpty()) {              Resources delegateResources;              List<String> arrayList = new ArrayList();              arrayList.add(application.getApplicationInfo().sourceDir);              for (Bundle bundle : bundles) {                  arrayList.add(((BundleImpl) bundle).getArchive().getArchiveFile().getAbsolutePath());              }              AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();              for (String str : arrayList) {                  SysHacks.AssetManager_addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, str);              }              //处理小米UI资源              if (resources == null || !resources.getClass().getName().equals("android.content.res.MiuiResources")) {                  delegateResources = new DelegateResources(assetManager, resources);              } else {                  Constructor declaredConstructor = Class.forName("android.content.res.MiuiResources").getDeclaredConstructor(new Class[]{AssetManager.class, DisplayMetrics.class, Configuration.class});                  declaredConstructor.setAccessible(true);                  delegateResources = (Resources) declaredConstructor.newInstance(new Object[]{assetManager, resources.getDisplayMetrics(), resources.getConfiguration()});              }              RuntimeArgs.delegateResources = delegateResources;              AndroidHack.injectResources(application, delegateResources);              StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();              stringBuffer.append("newDelegateResources [");              for (int i = 0; i < arrayList.size(); i++) {                  if (i > 0) {                      stringBuffer.append(",");                  }                  stringBuffer.append(arrayList.get(i));              }              stringBuffer.append("]");              log.log(stringBuffer.toString(), Logger.LogLevel.DBUG);          }      }    ...

上述代码就是将所有Bundle中的资源，通过调用AssetManager的addAssetPath方法，加载到assetManager对象中，然后再用assetManager对象，创建delegateResources对象，并保存在RuntimeArgs.delegateResources当中，然后调用AndroidHack.injectResources方法，对Application和LoadedApk中的mResources成员变量进行注入，代码如下：

 public static void injectResources(Application application, Resources resources) throws Exception {          Object activityThread = getActivityThread();          if (activityThread == null) {              throw new Exception("Failed to get ActivityThread.sCurrentActivityThread");          }          Object loadedApk = getLoadedApk(activityThread, application.getPackageName());          if (loadedApk == null) {              throw new Exception("Failed to get ActivityThread.mLoadedApk");          }          SysHacks.LoadedApk_mResources.set(loadedApk, resources);          SysHacks.ContextImpl_mResources.set(application.getBaseContext(), resources);          SysHacks.ContextImpl_mTheme.set(application.getBaseContext(), null);      }

其中，上述获取LoadedApk的代码，也是通过反射，获取运行时ActivityThread类的LoadedApk对象.

5.运行时动态替换Resource对象

ContextImplHook,动态替换getResources

为了控制startActivity的时候，能够及时替换Activity的Resource和AssetsManager对象，使用ContextImplHook类对Comtext进行替换，然后动态的返回上一步加载的RuntimeArgs.delegateResources委托资源对象。ContextImplHook的核心代码如下：

    @Override      public Resources getResources() {          log.log("getResources is invoke", Logger.LogLevel.INFO);          return RuntimeArgs.delegateResources;      }        @Override      public AssetManager getAssets() {          log.log("getAssets is invoke", Logger.LogLevel.INFO);          return RuntimeArgs.delegateResources.getAssets();      }

如何在Activity跳转过程中，动态的替换呢

通过反射替换ActivityThread的mInstrumentation对象，替换成InstrumentationHook.class,然后就可以在执行startActivity时，拦截其newActivity和callActivityOnCreate方法，在newActivity方法中，动态的替换newActivity的mResources对象。在callActivityOnCreate方法中将ContextImplHook注入到新创建的Activity中。核心代码如下：

    @Override      public Activity newActivity(Class<?> cls, Context context, IBinder iBinder, Application application, Intent intent, ActivityInfo activityInfo, CharSequence charSequence, Activity activity, String str, Object obj) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {          Activity newActivity = this.mBase.newActivity(cls, context, iBinder, application, intent, activityInfo, charSequence, activity, str, obj);          if (RuntimeArgs.androidApplication.getPackageName().equals(activityInfo.packageName) && SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mResources != null) {              SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mResources.set(newActivity, RuntimeArgs.delegateResources);          }          return newActivity;      }        @Override      public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader classLoader, String str, Intent intent) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {          Activity newActivity;          try {              newActivity = this.mBase.newActivity(classLoader, str, intent);              if (SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mResources != null) {                  SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mResources.set(newActivity, RuntimeArgs.delegateResources);              }          } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {              String property = Framework.getProperty("ctrip.android.bundle.welcome", "ctrip.android.view.home.CtripSplashActivity");              if (StringUtil.isEmpty(property)) {                  throw e;              } else {                  List runningTasks = ((ActivityManager) this.context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE)).getRunningTasks(1);                  if (runningTasks != null && runningTasks.size() > 0 && ((ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo) runningTasks.get(0)).numActivities > 1) {                      if (intent.getComponent() == null) {                          intent.setClassName(this.context, str);                      }                  }                  log.log("Could not find activity class: " + str, Logger.LogLevel.WARN);                  log.log("Redirect to welcome activity: " + property, Logger.LogLevel.WARN);                  newActivity = this.mBase.newActivity(classLoader, property, intent);              }          }          return newActivity;      }        @Override      public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {          if (RuntimeArgs.androidApplication.getPackageName().equals(activity.getPackageName())) {              ContextImplHook contextImplHook = new ContextImplHook(activity.getBaseContext());              if (!(SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mBase == null || SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mBase.getField() == null)) {                  SysHacks.ContextThemeWrapper_mBase.set(activity, contextImplHook);              }              SysHacks.ContextWrapper_mBase.set(activity, contextImplHook);          }          this.mBase.callActivityOnCreate(activity, bundle);      }

总结如下图,Resource的加载和动态替换：

6.插件Activity在宿主AndroidManifest中的预注册

每个插件的Activity，必须在宿主的AndroidManifest.xml中进行注册。

DynamicAPK源码导读：

源代码的目录结构图

• framework
  管理各个Bundle以及各个Bundle的封装、版本控制等。
  
• hack
  通过反射的形式，hack类，方法，成员变量等
  
• hotpatch
  热修复相关的封装
  
• loader
  对MultiDex的修改，各Bundle加载到ClassLoader，热修复。
  
• log
  日志管理
  
• runtime
  运行时，对Resources进行动态替换
  
• util
  工具类
  

博客相关Demo的Github地址

参考

1.AssetManager源码
2.LoadedApk源码
3.ActivityThread源码
4.DynamicAPK源码